Implementing mining projects within a territory causes multiple social and environmental disruptions. In the absence of un-biased, comprehensive and independent information sources on Canadian mining projects, the effects of mining processes are often difficult to assess. The discourse of mining companies and governments rarely contribute to understanding of the issues involved. The mining industry possesses an arsenal of public communication tools, allowing it to promise numerous benefits and to promote its own approach social responsibility programs. What do we know of the real impacts? In the light of the cases presented before the Peoples Permanent Tribunal, this document seeks to encourage a critical examination of certain assumptions about the Canadian mining industry. Through the short presentation of eight myths related to mining, we aim to share alternative perspectives of the impacts as experienced by affected communities. Of course, the impacts of mining are not the same everywhere. The cases presented to the Tribunal, however, proved to be highly emblematic of the issues associated with the majority of mining projects and dominant norms of mining. This presentation of myths and reality also draws on various publications which have examined mining companies' discourse with a critical perspective. We invite you to consult these documents to continue reflection